Nano Hydroxyapatite vs Fluoride: Which is Better?

Are you considering giving up fluoride for nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste? If you’re interested in understanding the differences between nano-hydroxyapatite vs. fluoride products for teeth, here’s everything you need to know about what hydroxyapatite is and what it does to your tooth enamel. 

What Is Hydroxyapatite?

Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite that is present in our bones and teeth. It’s a major component of the hard, mineralized tissues of the body—such as our tooth enamel—providing them with strength and stability. Without it, your teeth wouldn’t be as durable as they are.

Today, hydroxyapatite is widely used in dentistry because of its biocompatibility. In addition to being used alongside (or instead of) fluoride in toothpaste, it’s even used for bone grafts and dental implants. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles provide a gentle option for oral care, demonstrating no irritation potential and contributing to enamel remineralization without adverse effects.

Nano-hydroxyapatite crystals are a fascinating and important substance that plays a vital role in maintaining the health and integrity of our teeth. Various toothpaste formulations, including those containing hydroxyapatite and fluoride, have been shown to contribute to the remineralization of enamel and prevention of dental caries in clinical trials.

How Does Fluoride Toothpaste Work?

Fluoride toothpaste is a commonly used oral care product that helps to protect our teeth from cavities. The way sodium fluoride toothpaste works is by delivering fluoride ions to the tooth surface, which then interact with the mineral structure of our teeth.

When we brush our teeth with fluoride toothpaste, the fluoride ions in the toothpaste are absorbed by our tooth enamel. These ions then react with the hydroxyapatite crystals inside of our teeth, forming a new compound called fluorapatite. Fluorapatite is more resistant to acid attacks than hydroxyapatite. Since acidic environments are where cavities happen, technically fluoride makes your teeth more resistant to cavities and tooth decay than hydroxyapatite.

Fluoride toothpastes are effective in strengthening tooth enamel and preventing dental caries. They work through mechanisms such as remineralization and inhibition of bacterial growth, while also addressing potential safety concerns associated with fluoride use.

Fluoride toothpaste also has other benefits for our oral health. For example, applying fluoride can help remineralize small areas of enamel damage, making our teeth stronger and more resistant to decay or even reverse early-stage cavities. It can also inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria that cause gum disease and bad breath.

Even though fluoride toothpaste can be highly effective at preventing tooth decay, it should be used with other oral hygiene practices, such as proper toothbrushing techniques, flossing, regular dental check-ups, and a healthy diet.

Be sure to follow the recommended guidelines for fluoride use, as excessive fluoride intake—such as swallowing toothpaste—can have negative effects. Always use fluoride toothpaste as directed: brush with it and then spit it out. Remember, toothpaste is not made for consumption, so it should never be eaten.

Is Hydroxyapatite Safe?

While hydroxyapatite toothpaste has shown promising results in studies for its safety and efficacy in remineralizing teeth and reducing sensitivity, it does not yet have the same level of regulatory approval as fluoride toothpaste.

Fluoride toothpaste is endorsed by both the American Dental Association (ADA) and the FDA, with decades of research supporting its effectiveness in preventing tooth decay. In contrast, hydroxyapatite toothpaste lacks this specific endorsement. While it may be a good alternative for those seeking non-fluoride options, it's essential to consult with a dental professional to make an informed decision.

Like fluoride, hydroxyapatite toothpaste should always be used as intended and in the correct amounts. Just as with any other vitamin or mineral, it's important to follow proper precautions.

Fun Fact: Dentists sometimes use hydroxyapatite crystals on dental implants because it helps the jawbone fuse more effectively and quickly to the implant. This is because hydroxyapatite is also found in bones and can serve as a bone substitute in some situations.

Nano-Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste vs. Fluoride

Nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste and fluoride toothpaste are two different types of toothpaste that are used for similar purposes: to help protect our teeth from decay, control dental caries, and promote good oral health. While both types of toothpaste have their own unique benefits, there are some key differences between them that are worth considering.

One of the main differences between nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste and fluoride toothpaste is the active ingredient they contain. As the name suggests, hydroxyapatite toothpaste contains hydroxyapatite crystals, a naturally occurring mineral that’s already present in our teeth and bones. On the other hand, fluoride toothpaste contains fluoride ions, which enhance the tooth enamel to form fluorapatite, a more decay-resistant form of tooth mineral.

Another key difference between the two types of toothpaste is how they work once they come into contact with your tooth enamel. Hydroxyapatite toothpaste helps by remineralizing the teeth and repairing small areas of enamel damage. It can deposit new hydroxyapatite crystals into the enamel, which can help restore its structure. Fluoride toothpaste, on the other hand, strengthens the enamel by forming a more resistant compound called fluorapatite. This process enhances the enamel's resistance to acid attacks and helps prevent the development of dental caries. In addition to strengthening enamel, fluoride can also aid in the repair of early demineralized areas.

It’s important to consider the risk of dental fluorosis, especially in children, when using fluoride toothpaste. Excessive fluoride ingestion can lead to aesthetic issues like white streaks or brown discoloration on enamel. Remember, "excessive fluoride ingestion" refers to swallowing the toothpaste. Always avoid eating any toothpaste, whether it's fluoride or hydroxyapatite :)

Nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste is appealing to those who prefer "natural" products because it mimics hydroxyapatite, a mineral naturally found in our teeth and bones. However, fluoride is also a naturally occurring, and like nano-hydroxyapatite, it is synthesized in labs for toothpaste. Both hydroxyapatite and fluoride toothpastes are designed to help remineralize enamel, playing a role in preventing and reversing tooth decay.

Is Hydroxyapatite Stronger?

Hydroxyapatite and fluoride are both minerals that play important roles in maintaining the strength and health of our teeth. However, when it comes to comparing the strength of these minerals, it’s important to understand that they have different properties and functions, especially in protecting demineralized enamel.

Both nano-hydroxyapatite and fluoride toothpastes are made with the intention to remineralize tooth enamel. While some studies suggest that nano-hydroxyapatite may be just as effective as fluoride, it's important to note that these studies are limited. As a result, they are not yet robust enough for the American Dental Association to grant its seal of acceptance to hydroxyapatite toothpastes.

It’s difficult to say which mineral is 'stronger' since they serve different purposes. However, it's important to remember that using toothpaste, along with good oral hygiene practices like proper technique, is crucial for maintaining dental health.

Benefits Of Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste

Since hydroxyapatite is a natural mineral that is already present in our teeth and bones, it may be an effective alternative to fluoride toothpaste for improving dental health.

Some studies have suggested that hydroxyapatite toothpaste may be effective in repairing small areas of enamel damage, reducing tooth sensitivity, and promoting remineralization of the teeth as the crystals fuse with the surface of your tooth enamel. It may also help to improve overall tooth strength. Additionally, hydroxyapatite toothpaste has shown promising results in reducing dental hypersensitivity, even surpassing fluoride-containing products in some cases. If you want to avoid fluoride toothpaste, switching to a hydroxyapatite toothpaste might be a good option to discuss with your dental provider.

Here are just a few reasons why:

1. It Remineralizes Enamel

Tooth enamel is the protective outer layer of the tooth. But acid erosion and plaque buildup can make it weak. If it starts to demineralize, the tooth will eventually get a cavity in that location.

Hydroxyapatite toothpaste may help to remineralize the enamel by depositing hydroxyapatite minerals back into the tooth structure, covering demineralized enamel and forming a protective layer over affected areas, thereby strengthening the enamel.

2. It Helps With Bone Growth Stimulation 

Hydroxyapatite crystals can help with bone growth and regeneration. Used for instances like grafting or dental implants, it can help to strengthen and support healthy bone density in the jaw.

Medically speaking, hydroxyapatite may also offer benefits for patients with bone loss or osteoporosis. In some instances, it’s been used to promote bone regeneration and may offer promising benefits for individuals with weakened bone density or bone-related injuries.

3. It Has a High Bioactivity Level

Since hydroxyapatite it is easily recognized and accepted by the human body, and can stimulate cellular and tissue regeneration. It’s natural bioactivity helps promote remineralization of the teeth, which can help to repair minor damage to the enamel and prevent tooth decay before a physical hole forms in your enamel. It may also help to promote healthy gum tissue and reduce inflammation.

4. It’s Kid-Friendly 

Nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste is considered to be a safe option for children to use on their own. You don’t have to worry about any fluorosis or upset tummies if someone accidentally swallows the toothpaste (although that isn’t recommended!)

As with any dental product, parents should consult with their family dentist or pediatric dentist before using hydroxyapatite toothpaste on their children to ensure it’s suitable for their individual needs. This is particularly important since the American Dental Association and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry do not recommend hydroxyapatite toothpaste. Instead, they advise brushing with a rice-sized smear of fluoride toothpaste once the first tooth erupts and using a pea-sized amount for children aged 3 and up.

5. Helps With Reduced Inflammation 

Hydroxyapatite toothpaste may help to reduce inflammation in your gums and promote overall gingival health. Gum inflammation, or “gingivitis,” is a common dental problem that can lead to periodontal disease and other oral health issues if it’s left untreated. Hydroxyapatite toothpaste may help to reduce inflammation by promoting the growth of healthy oral bacteria, which can help to balance the oral microbiome and reduce the accumulation of harmful bacterial plaque on your teeth. As a result, it could help to prevent inflammation and promote better overall oral wellness.

While more research is needed to fully understand the effects of hydroxyapatite, it may offer promising benefits for individuals looking to improve their gum health.

Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste Side Effects

Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring mineral found in our teeth and bones, so it's generally considered safe in toothpaste. However, it's important to note that hydroxyapatite comes in different particle sizes, including nano and micro sizes. The specific particle size can impact the product’s effectiveness and safety. Since hydroxyapatite toothpaste is not FDA-approved, there is no guarantee that the product actually contains nano-sized particles even if the label indicates it. Therefore, it’s crucial to consult with your dental provider before switching to a hydroxyapatite toothpaste to ensure the product you choose is safe and appropriate for your oral health needs.

Regarding the safe particle sizes, while major side effects are unlikely, minor issues such as mild irritation or sensitivity can occur. Additionally, some individuals might experience allergic reactions to hydroxyapatite or other ingredients in the toothpaste. It's crucial to ensure that the toothpaste contains appropriately sized particles that are safe for use. If you notice any unusual symptoms, such as skin sloughing or irritation, discontinue use immediately and consult your dental team.

Which Should I Use?

Whether or not to use hydroxyapatite toothpaste ultimately depends on your individual dental needs, concerns, oral health history, and personal preferences. 

Hydroxyapatite toothpaste is a relatively newer dental product compared to fluoride toothpaste, and while it may help repair enamel damage and reduce tooth sensitivity, it’s not yet widely recommended by dental professionals.

However, if you’re looking for an alternative to fluoride toothpaste, hydroxyapatite toothpaste may be a good option to consider.

If you have a history of frequent cavities or are at a higher risk for developing dental issues than most people, fluoride toothpaste may be a better choice because it’s been extensively studied and proven effective in preventing tooth decay.

Talk With Your Dentist 

Ultimately, the best way to decide which toothpaste is right for you is to talk with a dental professional who can assess your oral health needs and make a personalized recommendation. Depending on how at risk you are for issues like cavities, tooth sensitivity, dry mouth, or gum recession, you might benefit from one type of toothpaste more than another. Your dentist and dental hygienist can help you pick the best toothpaste to use, especially if you want something that’s good for your teeth and free of any fluoride. 

Nano-Hydroxyapatite vs Fluoride Recap 

Hydroxyapatite is a natural mineral found in your teeth and can also be used in bone grafts or dental implants to assist with osseointegration. Increasingly, toothpaste brands are offering hydroxyapatite as an alternative to traditional fluoride toothpaste. Like fluoride, hydroxyapatite can help protect your teeth against cavities. However, fluoride is still often necessary, particularly for individuals with specific dental issues or those who are cavity-prone. Always consult your dentist before making significant changes to your oral health care routine.